Orders, Decorations, Medals and Militaria

Pair: Nursing Sister Clara L. Travis, Princess Christian’s Army Nursing Service Reserve

Queen’s South Africa 1899-1902, no clasp (Nursing Sister C. L. Travis.) officially re-impressed naming as typically encountered with QSAs to Nurses; King’s South Africa 1901-02, no clasp (Nursing Sister C. L. Travis.); together with the recipient’s Maidstone Typhoid Fever Medal 1897, silver, the reverse engraved ‘C. Travis’, last lacking integral top riband bar, light contact marks, very fine, the last scarce (3) £500-£700

Clara Louise Travis trained at the West Kent General Hospital at Maidstone, Kent, and was one of the nurses on the Maidstone Corporation Staff engaged in the town in connection with the typhoid epidemic in 1897, for which she was presented with the medal. She joined Princess Christian’s Army Nursing Service Reserve as No. 291 on 2 February 1900, and sailing on the Canada on 14 April 1900 served in South Africa during the Boer War, first at No. 1 General Hospital, Wynberg; and then at No. 13 General Hospital, Johannesburg. She saw further service at home during the Great War with Queen Alexandra’s Imperial Military Nursing Service from 27 July 1916.

Maidstone Typhoid Fever Medal
A major epidemic of Typhoid Fever broke out in Maidstone, Kent during late August 1897. By 9 September, 117 cases had been reported, rising to 774 by the end of the month and by 9 October the number had risen to 1,200, with 42 deaths. The cause was never fully identified but the reservoir at Barming, the spring at Tutsham, and various pumping stations were all found to be contaminated - all this compounded by the poor sewage system then in operation at Maidstone. In the highly charged atmosphere of the times, irresponsibly defecating hop-pickers also were blamed for the outbreak! The Town Council also came in for some criticism in having, as an economy measure, reduced the number of times a year the water purity was tested. In response to the outbreak, suspect water supplies were cut and Barming Reservoir was chlorinated. The Town Council issued handbills to the townspeople recommending the boiling of all drinking water and a free laundry was opened for the washing of all clothes and bedding from infected households; these same houses were then thoroughly disinfected. Emergency hospitals were opened, and such was the need, that doctors and nurses from outside the area were brought in to tend to the sick and dying. A subscription to help the poorer townsfolk was also opened. By rigourous methods the epidemic was brought under control, and by the end of December it was largely over; the total number of reported cases being 1,847, with 132 deaths.

Medals were awarded to the nursing staff who served in the town during the epidemic. Many were presented by the Mayor of Maidstone at a special ceremony held at the Museum and Technical School on Wednesday 8 December 1897; an account of the presentation being given in the South Eastern Gazette of 14 December 1897. Some 700 people attended the presentation, including members of the Town Council, Magistrates, Clergy and other people of note. The Mayor of Maidstone (Councillor J. Barker) gave a speech before the presentation, paraphrased by the newspaper, ‘... While they must be filled with regret for those who had been taken away ... it was a matter of congratulation to know that the epidemic which overtook them three months ago, had been stamped out thanks to the efforts of their Medical Officer, the medical men of the town, and ... through the sturdy and gallant conduct of every inhabitant of Maidstone ... and, in addition to the help received from the residents in the town and neighbourhood, they had an army of trained nurses to assist them. ... He now wished on the part of every inhabitant of the borough of Maidstone, ... to thank the nurses who had assisted them during their great trouble ... and he was going to ask them to accept a small medal as a token of esteem for the work they had done ...’